1.0South Carolina Encyclopediahttps://www.scencyclopedia.org/sceMatthew Simmonshttps://www.scencyclopedia.org/sce/author/sceditor/rich600338<blockquote class="wp-embedded-content" data-secret="1si5aZS3tj"><a href="https://www.scencyclopedia.org/sce/entries/ring-shouts/">Ring Shouts</a></blockquote><iframe sandbox="allow-scripts" security="restricted" src="https://www.scencyclopedia.org/sce/entries/ring-shouts/embed/#?secret=1si5aZS3tj" width="600" height="338" title="“Ring Shouts” — South Carolina Encyclopedia" data-secret="1si5aZS3tj" frameborder="0" marginwidth="0" marginheight="0" scrolling="no" class="wp-embedded-content"></iframe><script type="text/javascript"> /* <![CDATA[ */ /*! This file is auto-generated */ !function(d,l){"use strict";l.querySelector&&d.addEventListener&&"undefined"!=typeof URL&&(d.wp=d.wp||{},d.wp.receiveEmbedMessage||(d.wp.receiveEmbedMessage=function(e){var t=e.data;if((t||t.secret||t.message||t.value)&&!/[^a-zA-Z0-9]/.test(t.secret)){for(var s,r,n,a=l.querySelectorAll('iframe[data-secret="'+t.secret+'"]'),o=l.querySelectorAll('blockquote[data-secret="'+t.secret+'"]'),c=new RegExp("^https?:$","i"),i=0;i<o.length;i++)o[i].style.display="none";for(i=0;i<a.length;i++)s=a[i],e.source===s.contentWindow&&(s.removeAttribute("style"),"height"===t.message?(1e3<(r=parseInt(t.value,10))?r=1e3:~~r<200&&(r=200),s.height=r):"link"===t.message&&(r=new URL(s.getAttribute("src")),n=new URL(t.value),c.test(n.protocol))&&n.host===r.host&&l.activeElement===s&&(d.top.location.href=t.value))}},d.addEventListener("message",d.wp.receiveEmbedMessage,!1),l.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",function(){for(var e,t,s=l.querySelectorAll("iframe.wp-embedded-content"),r=0;r<s.length;r++)(t=(e=s[r]).getAttribute("data-secret"))||(t=Math.random().toString(36).substring(2,12),e.src+="#?secret="+t,e.setAttribute("data-secret",t)),e.contentWindow.postMessage({message:"ready",secret:t},"*")},!1)))}(window,document); /* ]]> */ </script> In West and Central Africa dances done in a circular formation are widespread. The most important are performed on sacred occasions such as marriage ceremonies, at burials, and to honor the spirits of departed ancestors. Africans in Togo, West Africa, have been observed carrying the bodies of deceased persons around their homes to gather the […]